English language arts Return to index Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5

English Language Arts - Kindergarten Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.1  Use effective reading strategies to achieve their purposes in reading Grade Level Benchmark: ENG.A1:K.1  Use concepts of print and prior knowledge to comprehend texts ENG.A1:K.2  Identify letter names and letter sound correspondence ENG.A1:K.3  Use strategies to understand texts (predicting, sequencing, etc.) ENG.A1:K.4  Uses phonemic awareness to discriminate sounds ENG.A.4.2   Read, interpret, and critically analyze literature     ENG.A.2:K.1  Relate stories to personal experience ENG.A2:K.2  Express own opinion of text ENG.A2:K.3  Identify and respond to books and stories ENG.A.4.3 Read and discuss literary and nonliterary texts in order to understand human experience ENG.A3:K1 Use picture clues and prior knowledge to comprehend text Standard ENG.B – Students will write clearly and effectively to share information and knowledge, to influence and persuade, to create and entertain ENG.B.4.1 Create and produce writing to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes ENG.B1:K.1 Use developmentally appropriate writing to express personal thoughts ENG.B.4.2 Plan, revise, edit, and publish clear and effective writing ENG.B2:K.1 Dictate and/or write stories ENG.B.4.3 Understand the function of various forms, structures, and punctuation marks of standard American English and use them appropriately in communications ENG.B3:K.1 Write using letter-sound relationships to represent words Standard ENG.C – Students will listen to understand and will speak clearly and effectively for diverse purposes ENG.C.4.1 Communicate information, opinions, and ideas effectively to different audiences for a variety of purposes ENG.C1:K.1 Use language to convey an appropriate message ENG.C.4.2  Listen to and comprehend oral communications ENG.C2:K.1 Listen attentively to the speaker ENG.C.4.3  Participate effectively in discussion ENG.C3:K.1 Make contributions in class and group discussions Standard ENG.D – Student will apply their knowledge of the nature, grammar, and variations of American English ENG.D.4.1 Develop their vocabulary of words, phrases, and idioms as a means of improving communication ENG.D1:K.1 Comprehend and use a variety of vocabulary words and phrases to improve communication ENG.D.4.2 Recognize and interpret various uses and adaptations of language in social, cultural, regional, and professional situations, and learn to be flexible and responsive in their use of English ENG.D2:K.1  Recognize variations in American English which are used in different social, cultural, and regional environments Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained ENG.E.4.1 Use computers to acquire, organize, analyze and communicate information ENG.E.4.2 Make informed judgments about media and products ENG.E.4.3 Create products appropriate for familiar media ENG.E.4.4 Demonstrate a working knowledge of media and production ENG.E.4.5 Analyze and edit media work as appropriate to audience and purpose   Standard ENG.F – Students will locate, use, and communicate information from a variety of print and nonprint materials ENG.F.4.1 Conduct research and inquiry on self-selected or assigned topics, issues, or problems using appropriate form to communicate findings   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.1  Use effective reading strategies to achieve their purposes in reading Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A1:K.1  Use concepts of print and prior knowledge to comprehend texts SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Activate relevant prior knowledge related to text Interpret picture clues consistently Hold book the right way (identify front/back, top/bottom) Identify beginning/end of a variety of texts Turn pages front to back Indicate the beginning and end of sentence on request Move eyes/finger left to right across print Identify word/words in given text (word-print match) Recognize letters of alphabet (upper and lower case) Begin to develop phonemic (syllables, rhymes, segmenting, blending) and grapho-phonemic awareness Read grade appropriate text aloud with fluency, expression, and accuracy Maintain one-to-one correspondence between spoken and written words Identify the characteristics of fluent reading (e.g., phrasing, appropriate intonation, attention to punctuation, clarity of speech, and expression) Use the characteristics of fluent reading when rereading familiar text aloud Read and reread to develop fluency Read selections silently, prior to oral reading Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Participate in daily book reading activities in large, small and individual group setting (shared book experiences, chant stories, taking dictation) Activity 2: Observe and demonstrate proper handling and use of materials Activity 3:  Demonstrate understanding of concepts of print while engaging in large group instruction, small group instruction and/or choice activities Activity 4: Select own text and independently “read”, demonstrating understanding of concepts of print Activity 5: Engage in games that focus on identification of upper and lower case letters Activity 6:  Participate in singing alphabet songs and nursery rhymes Activity 7: Begin to put letter/sound relationships together to develop key word vocabulary Activity 8: Begin to construct, read and write sentences using key word vocabulary and high frequency words Activity 9: Begin to read phonetically, demonstrating understanding letter sound relationships Activity 10: Observe writers modeling the word writing process (capitalization, punctuation, spacing, directionality, sound/letter relationships, and high frequency words) Activity 11: Reread text with age-appropriate fluency, accuracy and expression Activity 12: Rebuild a sentence Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.1  Use effective reading strategies to achieve their purposes in reading Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A1:K.2  Identify letter names and letter/sound correspondence SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Recognize letters of alphabet (upper and lower case) Begin to develop phonemic and grapho-phonemic awareness Begin to use letter/sound relationships to read words Decode words in print, using visual (grapho-phonemic), structural (syntactic), and meaning (semantic) cues Understand concepts of print, including concepts of word, directionality, beginning and end of sentences, and punctuation Read high frequency/sight words in text automatically Use elements of phonics such as consonant sounds, vowel sounds, consonant blends, diagraphs and spelling patterns (bat, cat, sat) to decode words Use knowledge of language structure to cross-check for grammatical accuracy Monitor own reading to construct meaning of text Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Engage in games that focus on identification of upper and lower case letters Activity 2: Participate in singing alphabet songs Activity 3: Begin to read phonetically, demonstrating understanding of letter sound relationships Activity 4: Create books   Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.1  Use effective reading strategies to achieve their purposes in reading Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A1:K.3  Uses strategies to understand texts (predicting, sequencing, etc.) SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Uses prior knowledge to make predictions Use pictures for clues to understand meaning of text Identify factual/fictional elements of text Use knowledge of environmental print when “reading” Retell the story to establish meaning Identify visual and auditory skills that aid in understanding text (e.g., point and read, reading to the end of the sentence) Use strategies to read text with understanding Activate relevant prior knowledge before, during and after reading Make predictions, using prior knowledge and clues from the text to promote understanding Ask questions of themselves, the authors, and the text Notice when difficulties are encountered in understanding texts Use self correction and reread for meaning Generate mental images from text during and after reading Think aloud while reading to aid comprehension Use graphic organizers to organize, understand and remember information in fiction and non-fiction text Draw conclusions based on text information and prior knowledge Use pictures for clues to understand meaning of text Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Begin to “read” texts with simple repetitive language patterns Activity 2: Retell a story in correct sequence Activity 3: Write, draw and/or role play in response to a variety of texts Activity 4: Create an ending when story is left unfinished Activity 5: Begin to use computer software to create own stories   Teacher Notes: Resources: Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.1  Use effective reading strategies to achieve their purposes in reading Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A1:K.4  Use phonemic awareness to discriminate sounds SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Recognize beginning and ending sounds Isolate beginning consonant sounds Blend sounds in words Separate sounds in words   Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Identify object in a group that begins with the same/different sound Activity 2: Stretch out sounds in words Activity 3: Participate in shared reading and writing activities Activity 4:  Find a classmate or object that begins with the same sound as own name Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.2 Read, interpret, and critically analyze literature Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A2:K.1  Relate stories to personal experiences SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Use picture clues to help make connections between text and own experiences Compare/contrast similarities and differences between own experience and text Make self to text connections Identify personal characteristics/experiences with text Relate stories to personal experiences Compare/contrast similarities and differences between own experiences and text Make self to text connections Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: List story comparisons on charts Activity 2:  Create own endings for stories Activity 3:  Make association between story characters and own life (e.g., “I am like Goldilocks because…) Activity 4:  Engage in center activities that extend and integrate personal experiences and literacy (e.g., writing center, card shop, dramatic play, etc.) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.2  Read, interpret, and critically analyze literature Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A2:K.2  Express own opinion of text SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Recognize own feeling(s) toward text Express own feeling(s) toward text Express and support opinion of text Recognize own feelings and viewpoint of text Recognize and respect differing viewpoints Give reason(s) to support opinions Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Participate in oral discussions Activity 2: Engage in pair and share activity Activity 3:  Draw a response log Activity 4:  Show opinion of text with hand signals (thumbs up, sideways, or down) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.2 Read, interpret, and critically analyze literature Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A2:K.3  Identify and respond to books and stories SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Understand concepts: likes/dislikes Use prior knowledge of texts to express personal likes/dislikes Read and explore a variety of texts Predict text from visual clues Express personal opinions Identify various types of books Identify elements of a text Identify beginning, middle and end of story Identify story elements (characters, setting, events, problem) Determine central idea of the text Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Share personal responses to favorite texts in various media forms (book talks, videos, computer software) Activity 2: Use story clues to identify favorite texts Activity 3: Recreate a story using story boards Activity 4: Draw picture in response to a story Activity 5: Choose self-selected books that reflect personal likes Activity 6: Retell a favorite story Activity 7: Begin to classify books by genre (realistic fiction, folk tales, poetry, information books) Activity 8: Revisit favorite books Activity 9: Brown through the library/attend library storytime   Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.A – Students will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others State Performance Standard: ENG.A.4.3  Read and discuss literary and nonliterary texts in order to understand human experience Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.A3:K.1   Use picture clues and prior knowledge to comprehend text SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Identify characters, setting and action in pictures Relate personal experiences to pictures Draw conclusions about pictures based on personal experiences Observe and identify details Use text information and prior knowledge to comprehend text Recognize purpose for reading a specific text Make inferences from text clues Use print features (titles, subtitles, bold and italicized words, captions, etc) when reading nonfiction text Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Observe and discuss pictures, including details Activity 2: Share with partner, personal experiences similar to those in pictures Activity 3: Use flannel board/picture cards to create and tell a story Activity 4: Compare/contrast pictures and their corresponding texts for accuracy Activity 5:  Journal with illustrations/text matching Activity 6:  Read environmental print Activity 7:  Build background of information before introducing stories Activity 8:  Read own writing (journals, key words, dictation book, group stories, books) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.B – Students will write clearly and effectively to share information and knowledge, to influence and persuade, to create and entertain State Performance Standard: ENG.B.4.1   Create and product writing to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.B1:K.1  Use developmentally appropriate writing to express personal thoughts SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Identify purpose of writing Identify subject matter of writing Draw to tell a story Attempt to communicate ideas through writing Read own writing and drawings Use writing to relate events from personal experiences (personal narrative, autobiography) Tell a personal experience in proper sequence before or during writing Tell a personal experience using details and descriptions before or during writing Write about an experience with a clear beginning, middle and end Write to communicate an idea appropriate to a specific audience Write to communicate information about self Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Engage in drawing/writing Activity 2: Create own endings for stories Activity 3: Make association between story characters and own life (e.g., “I am like Goldilocks because…) Activity 4: Engage in center activities that extend and integrate personal experiences and literacy (e.g., writing center, card shop, dramatic play, etc.) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.B – Students will write clearly and effectively to share information and knowledge, to influence and persuade, to create and entertain State Performance Standard: ENG.B.4.2   Plan, revise, edit, and publish clear and effective writing Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.B2:K.1  Dictate and/or write stories SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Show interest in writing Associate spoken word with print Add labels to drawings to express meanings Write using scribbles, symbols, letter-like forms and letters Understand concepts of print (left to right, top to bottom, front to back Write a sentence that matches an illustration Use the writing process Understand the steps of the writing process (pre-writing, drafting, sharing/responding, editing, and publishing) Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Observe modeled writing Activity 2: Participate in shared writing activities Activity 3:  Write in journal Activity 4:  Participate in self-selected writing center activities Activity 5: Engage in dramatic play: take messages, make list, complete forms, make signs, etc. Activity 6:  Observe adult transcriptions of student writing attempts Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.B – Students will write clearly and effectively to share information and knowledge, to influence and persuade, to create and entertain State Performance Standard: ENG.B.4.3   Understand the function of various forms, structures, and punctuation marks of standard American English and use them appropriately in communications Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.B3:K.1  Write using letter-sound relationships to represents words SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Understand that letters represent sounds Write words with initial consonant sounds Begin to write words with ending and/or medial sounds Use spelling strategies and correct spelling of common and frequently used words Use sound/letter relationships to spell words Use known words or rhymes to spell words Add ed, s and ing to words Use resources to find correct spellings Know how to spell high frequency sight words Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Observe modeled writing Activity 2: Attempt to write sentences using phonetic spelling, sight words, key words, and high frequency words Activity 3: Engage in self-selected writing activities Activity 4: Engage in journal writing Activity 5: Use key word strategies (trace over, rewrite) to attach meaning to word Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.C – Students will listen to understand and will speak clearly and effectively for diverse purposes State Performance Standard: ENG.C.4.1   Communicate information, opinions, and ideas effectively to difference audiences for a variety of purposes Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.C1:K.1  Use language to convey an appropriate message SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Express personal needs Regulate tone, volume, rate, fluency and articulation of speech Differentiate between socially acceptable/unacceptable language Recognize and respect language of other cultures Generate ideas verbally Represent thoughts and feelings verbally Strengthen understanding of known words Take turns when speaking Use language to convey an appropriate message Express personal needs, feelings, and ideas Regulate tone, volume, rate, fluency and articulation of speech Differentiate between socially acceptable/unacceptable language Take turns when speaking Use language that shows respect for other cultures/languages Use names to acknowledge and greet peers Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Use name to acknowledge, greet and identify peers Activity 2: Speak using acceptable social language in all school activities Activity 3: Observe modeled social interaction skills that are multi-cultural and gender sensitive Activity 4: Engage in vocabulary enriching activities Activity 5: Use directional words like over, under, around, etc. Activity 6: Engage in dramatic play activities Activity 7: Engage in collaborative technology activities Activity 8:  Listen to stories read aloud Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.C – Students will listen to understand and will speak clearly and effectively for diverse purposes State Performance Standard: ENG.C.4.2   Listen to and comprehend oral communications Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.C2:K.1  Listen attentively to the speaker SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Use listening skills with a variety of media sources Control body movement Respond with body language (smile, gestures, etc.) Visually track speaker Perceive and discriminate verbal/nonverbal clues Perceive the direction of sound Assign meaning to what is head and observed Follow verbal directions Remember what is heard Listen to and follow simple directions Listen attentively to speaker Know purpose of activity Ask questions for clarification Use listening skills with a variety of media sources Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Participate in large or small group activities Activity 2: Engage in following direction activities Activity 3: Respond to questions in individual situations with adults and peers Activity 4: Engage in pair/share activities Activity 5: Identify factors that promote effective listening Activity 6: Identify sounds in natural environment Activity 7:  Respond appropriately to warning sounds Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.C – Students will listen to understand and will speak clearly and effectively for diverse purposes State Performance Standard: ENG.C.4.3   Participate effectively in discussion Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.C3:K.1  Make contributions in class and group discussions when prompted SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Maintain the subject line of conversation Respond appropriately to questions Answer “wh” questions Use specific vocabulary for topic, number and gender Answer questions, ask questions, and listen to responses Speak in complete sentences Share experiences in a group Demonstrate appropriate turn-taking when sharing information Make contributions in class and group discussions Demonstrate appropriate turn-taking when sharing information Discriminate between questions and comments Maintain the subject line of conversation Answer and ask the “wh” questions Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Engage in interactive student-direction conversation Activity 2: Participate in showing/sharing activities Activity 3: Practice making formal introductions Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.D – Students will apply their knowledge of the nature, grammar, and variations of American English State Performance Standard: ENG.D.4.1   Develop their vocabulary of words, phrases, and idioms as a means of improving communication Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.D1:K.1  Comprehend and use a variety of vocabulary words and phrases to improve communication SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Introduce and expand knowledge of general vocabulary Introduce and expand knowledge of content vocabulary Show an awareness of and interest in learning and using new words Use a variety of vocabulary words and phrases to improve communication Expand knowledge and use of general vocabulary Expand knowledge and use of content vocabulary Show an awareness of and interest in learning and using new words Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1: Participate in vocabulary building activities Activity 2: Listen to and discuss vocabulary from read alouds Activity 3: Create content related word banks (e.g., word walls, word rings, word lists) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.D – Students will apply their knowledge of the nature, grammar, and variations of American English State Performance Standard: ENG.D.4.2  Recognize and interpret various uses and adaptations of language in social, cultural, regional, and professional situations, and learn to be flexible and responsive in their use of English Grade Level Benchmark:  ENG.D2:K.1  Recognize variations in American English which are used in different social, cultural and regional environments SCOPE AND SEQUENCE Kindergarten Grade 1 Use oral language appropriate for audience and purpose Show an awareness of differences in American English Identify similarities and differences in common words used in different cultural backgrounds Make contributions in class and group discussions Use oral language appropriate for audience and purpose Show an awareness of differences in American English Identify similarities and differences in common words used in different cultural backgrounds Kindergarten Activities   Activity 1:  Discuss appropriate language for a variety of social environments (e.g., before field trips) Activity 2: Listen to stories that incorporate variations of language Activity 3: Compare words with graphic organizational charts (bubbler/water fountain, dad/papa, one/uno) Teacher Notes: Resources:   Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained State Performance Standard: ENG.E.4.1   Use computers to acquire, organize, analyze and communicate information Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Operate common computer hardware and software Use basic word processing, graphics and drawing program Integrated within Library media curriculum benchmarks:             LM1.1 Use common media, technology equipment and terminology             LM1.2 Identify and use common media formats             LM2.3 Locate and access information sources             LM3.1 Access information related to personal well-being and academic interests Activities: Turn computer on and off Log on and off computer Retrieve a program Use computer independently   Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained State Performance Standard: ENG.E.4.2   Make informed judgments about media and products Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Integrated within Standard C (K-5 C2.5.1 Listen and comprehend oral communication) Integrated within Library media curriculum benchmarks:             LM2.4 Select and evaluate information from a variety of print, nonprint and electronic format             LM2.6 Use and interpret information to solve problems or answer questions Activities: Reference Library Media curriculum documents and Standard C     Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained State Performance Standard: ENG.E.4.  Create products appropriate for familiar media Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Integrated within the writing Standard B Integrated within Library media curriculum benchmarks:             LM2.7 Communicate the results of research and inquiry in an appropriate format             LM1.4 Use media and technology to access and present information Activities: Reference Library Media curriculum document and Standard B   Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained State Performance Standard: ENG.E.4.4   Demonstrate a working knowledge of media and production Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Integrated in (K-5 A4.1 Use Information from a variety of sources) Activities: Reference Standard A   Standard ENG.E – Students will use media and technology critically and creatively to obtain, organize, prepare and share information; to influence and persuade; and to entertain and be entertained State Performance Standard: ENG.E.4.5   Analyze and edit media work as appropriate to audience and purpose Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Integrated within the writing Standard B.2.1 (Use the writing process) and the Library Media curriculum LM2.4 (Select and evaluate information from a variety of print, nonprint and electronic formats), LM2.6 (Use and interpret information to solve problems or answer questions), LM2.8 (Evaluate the information retrieval process) Activities: Reference Standard B and Library Media curriculum document   Standard ENG.F – Students will locate, use, and communicate information from a variety of print and nonprint materials State Performance Standard: ENG.F.4.1   Conduct research and inquiry on self-selected or assigned topics, issues, or problems and use an appropriate form to communicate their findings Grade Level Integrated  Benchmarks:  Integrated within K-5 Standard A.4.1 (Use information from a variety of sources) Integrated within 1-5 Standard A.4.4 (Read to acquire information) Integrated within K-5 Standard B4.1 (Create and produce writing to communicate with difference audiences for a variety of purposes) Integrated within Library Media curriculum all Standard 2-LM2.1-8 Integrated within Library Media curriculum Standard 3 LM3.1 and LM3.3 Integrated within Library Media curriculum Standard 2 LM2.3 (Locate and access information sources),  LM2.5 (Record and organize information), LM2.7 (Communicates the results of research and inquiry in an appropriate form) Activities: Reference Standard A, B and Library Media curriculum documents English Language Arts K-5 Scope and Sequence